(1999) and Ghassibe-Sabbagh et al. She also had severe sleeping disturbances, restlessness/hyperactivity, and recurrent temper tantrums. (1989) reported a 16-year-old boy with severe mental retardation, microcephaly, and craniofacial dysmorphism associated with an interstitial deletion of chromosome 2q32.2-q33.1. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine review the literature and organize it to facilitate your work. Whole genome sequencing of 45 Japanese patients with intellectual disability. [PubMed: 23925499] 2q32q33 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by a variable phenotype involving moderate to severe intellectual deficit, significant speech delay, persistent feeding difficulties, growth retardation and dysmorphic features. Note: Electronic Article. Summaries for Glass Syndrome. MedlinePlus Genetics: 42 SATB2-associated syndrome is a condition that affects several body systems. MIRAGE syndrome is a rare genetic disease that often leads to a fatal outcome. The condition is fatal, usually within the first year or two of life . [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006568], Urquhart, J., Black, G. C. M., Clayton-Smith, J. Genet. [Full Text], Lieden, A., Kvarnung, M., Nilssson, D., Sahlin, E., Lundberg, E. S. GENECARDS SUITE PRODUCTS ARE FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, DO NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE AND ARE NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES. Further delineation of the SATB2 phenotype. 22 March 2002. Kaiser et al. FAF1, a gene that is disrupted in cleft palate and has conserved function in zebrafish. Brittle Bone Disease: What Is It And Who Gets It? - WebMD There are at least 8 different . 28: 732-738, 2007. Jet received his diagnosis of SATB2-associated syndrome in January 2017, he had just turned 9 years old. SATB2-associated syndrome is caused by genetic changes that affect the SATB2 gene.These include changes within the SATB2 gene itself and deletions of large pieces of DNA from chromosome 2 that remove the SATB2 gene and other nearby genes. Disease Ontology: In a 10-year-old girl with Glass syndrome, Kaiser et al. The average life expectancy of a person with Down syndrome is now around 60 years of age [1]. There are two main types of clinical studies: People participate in clinical trials for a variety of reasons. (1989) reported a 16-year-old boy with severe mental retardation, microcephaly, and craniofacial dysmorphism associated with an interstitial deletion of chromosome 2q32.2-q33.1. A locus for isolated cleft palate, located on human chromosome 2q32. Note, GARD cannot enroll individuals in clinical studies. Genet. 65: 387-396, 1999. Progeria (pro-JEER-e-uh), also known as Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome, is an extremely rare, progressive genetic disorder that causes children to age rapidly, starting in their first two years of life. Am. 19: 900-908, 2017. J. Med. Is Noonan Syndrome Life-Threatening? - emedicinehealth.com of the OMIM's operating expenses go to salary support for MD and PhD Glass Syndrome ( GLASS ) - MalaCards Description. What is the normal life expectancy for this syndrome? Of the 19, all had neurodevelopmental impairment, 16 had absent/near absent speech, 17 had normal somatic growth, 9 had cleft palate, 12 had drooling, and 8 had dental anomalies. Genet. Activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1; 147700) was normal. Additional features may include seizures, joint laxity, arachnodactyly, and happy demeanor (summary by Glass et al., 1989; Urquhart et al., 2009; Rainger et al., 2014). This can be because of vascular symptoms, or increased risk of lung problems. This may be due to the condition itself, but it is also influenced by the fact that most people who develop this condition have used alcohol heavily, creating additional health problems. The MalaCards human disease database index: See all MalaCards categories (disease lists), Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities, Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified, Monosomies and deletions from the autosomes, not elsewhere classified, Cohesin complex - Cornelia de Lange syndrome, pulmonary venoocclusive disease 2, autosomal recessive, pulmonary venoocclusive disease 1, autosomal dominant, surfactant metabolism dysfunction, pulmonary, 2, corneal dystrophy, posterior polymorphous, 1, cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium syndrome 1, interstitial pneumonitis, desquamative, familial, glassy cell variant cervical adenosquamous carcinoma, glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri, respiratory bronchiolitis-interstitial lung disease syndrome, short stature, onychodysplasia, facial dysmorphism, and hypotrichosis, virus-associated trichodysplasia spinulosa, abnormal cerebral white matter morphology, Decreased viability after Maraba virus infection, Post-GPI Attachment To Proteins Inositol Deacylase 1, Zn Regulated GTPase Metalloprotein Activator 1B, HECT, C2 And WW Domain Containing E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase 2, Fibronectin Leucine Rich Transmembrane Protein 2, NC_000002.12:g.(199364049_199364051)_(199399060_199399062)dup, NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1131_1132del (p.Ser378fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1627del (p.Arg543fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1696G>A (p.Glu566Lys), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1543G>A (p.Gly515Ser), NC_000002.12:g.(?_199348681)_(199433534_? Breakpoint mapping and array CGH in translocations: comparison of a phenotypically normal and an abnormal cohort. It is a form of cephalic disorder. Based upon our increased lifespan, COVID-19 reduced our life expectancy by about 1.6%, Spanish flu by 11.8%. Durham baby has 1 out of 100 recorded cases of a rare syndrome and a life expectancy less than four years. Docker et al. Alterations to the SATB2 gene can result from a variety of different mechanisms that include contiguous deletions, intragenic deletions and duplications, translocations with secondary gene disruption, and point mutations. Take steps toward getting a diagnosis by working with your doctor, finding the right specialists, and coordinating medical care. [Full Text], Kaiser, A.-S., Maas, B., Wolff, A., Sutter, C., Janssen, J. W. G., Hinderhofer, K., Moog, U. [PubMed: 17377962, related citations] NVSS - Life Expectancy - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention DO: 0060428; Balasubramanian, M., Smith, K., Basel-Vanagaite, L., Feingold, M. F., Brock, P., Gowans, G. C., Vasudevan, P. C., Cresswell, L., Taylor, E. J., Harris, C. J., Friedman, N., Moran, R., Feret, H., Zackai, E. H., Theisen, A., Rosenfeld, J. What factors affect my child's lifespan? Sadly, the average life expectancy for children with severe lissencephaly is only around 10 years. )del, NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.588_595del (p.Leu197fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1329_1347dup (p.Ser450fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1592dup (p.Asn531fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1196G>A (p.Arg399His), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.562C>T (p.Gln188Ter), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.282_289dup (p.Val97fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.343C>T (p.Gln115Ter), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.2002_2021del (p.Tyr668fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1187A>G (p.Glu396Gly), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1166G>T (p.Arg389Leu), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1174G>A (p.Gly392Arg), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1495A>T (p.Lys499Ter), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1285C>T (p.Arg429Ter), GRCh37/hg19 2q32.1-34(chr2:185697659-213002074), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.715C>T (p.Arg239Ter), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1165C>T (p.Arg389Cys), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1375C>T (p.Arg459Ter), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.847C>T (p.Arg283Ter), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1174G>C (p.Gly392Arg), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1218_1221del (p.Ala407fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.75del (p.Pro26fs), NC_000002.12:g.(?_199380344)_(199433534_? glass syndrome life expectancy. However, variable features were reported, including slightly low-set ears, sparse hair, high forehead, tented upper lip, downturned mouth corners, hypertelorism, long or short philtrum, and micrognathia. Resource(s) for Medical Professionals and Scientists on This Disease: This information is currently in development. Interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 2 with normal levels of isocitrate dehydrogenase. J. Hum. Most people with Angelman syndrome live nearly as long as people without the condition, however, they are unable to live independently and will need life-long supportive care. Small deletions of SATB2 cause some of the clinical features of the 2q33.1 microdeletion syndrome. In severe cases, this can lead to malnutrition; if . Europ. Docker et al. Genet. In a 20-year-old man with Glass syndrome, Lieden et al. People with WSS may also have excessive hair on the elbows, arms, and back; difficulty feeding; behavior problems . There are different types of OI, and the problems it causes vary. [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1086/302041], Brewer, C. M., Leek, J. P., Green, A. J., Holloway, S., Bonthron, D. T., Markham, A. F., FitzPatrick, D. R. Deletion of 14.7 Mb 2q32.3q33.3 with a marfanoid phenotype and hypothyroidism. [PubMed: 25118029] [Full Text], Brewer, C., Holloway, S., Zawalnyski, P., Schinzel, A., FitzPatrick, D. Clinical and molecular consequences of disease-associated de novo mutations in SATB2. (2011) had identified a translocation in these patients, t(1;2)(p34;q33), that interrupted the FAF1 gene (604460) on chromosome 1p34; they did not think that the 2q breakpoint contributed to the phenotype. Some of these include: National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, 2q32-q33 microdeletion syndrome; 2q32q33 microdeletion syndromes; Del(2)(q32); Del(2)(q32q33); Glass syndrome; Monosomy 2q32-q33; SAS; SATB2 syndrome. Participants with a disease may participate to help others, but also to possibly receive the newest treatment and additional care from clinical study staff. Genet. Intragenic duplication--a novel causative mechanism for SATB2-associated syndrome. provides scientific information on genetic diseases, including diagnosis, treatment, and genetic counseling. 22: 1034-1039, 2014. [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1136/jmg.2010.084491], Bengani, H., Handley, M., Alvi, M., Ibitoye, R., Lees, M., Lynch, S. A., Lam, W., Fannemel, M., Nordgren, A., Malmgren, H., Kvarnung, M., Mehta, S., and 22 others. Find resources for patients and caregivers that address the challenges of living with a rare disease, Learn more about the different types of clinical studies, ResearchMatch helps connect people interested in research studies, UMLSVocabulary Standards and Mappings Downloads, Access aggregated data from Orphanet at Orphadata, National Center for Biotechnology Information's, Newborn Screening Coding and Terminology Guide, Improving newborn screening laboratory test ordering and result reporting using health information exchange, Health Literacy Online: A Guide for Simplifying the User Experience, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Center for Advancing Translation Sciences, Ways to connect to others and share personal stories, Up-to-date treatment and research information, Lists of specialistsor specialty centers. Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome Life Expectancy. Ghassibe-Sabbagh et al. Sib recurrence due to gonadal mosaicism was seen in 1 family. The patient also had profound mental retardation, seizures, and a jovial personality. Glass IA, Swindlehurst CA, Aitken DA, McCrea W, Boyd E. Interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 2 with normal levels of isocitrate dehydrogenase. The estimate, in effect . Delineation of 2q32q35 deletion phenotypes: two apparent "proximal" and "distal" syndromes. [PubMed: 20034071, related citations] Entry - #612313 - GLASS SYNDROME; GLASS - OMIM The life expectancy of people with Down's syndrome has doubled in 15 years from 25 to 49 years, a new analysis of US data reveals. 48: 290-298, 2011. The term "acute" appears in the name of ARDS, because the condition arises from a recent injury to the lungs. [PubMed: 16179223] Signs and symptoms vary, but facial features may include thick eyebrows, wide-spaced eyes, and narrow eye openings. FAF1, a gene that is disrupted in cleft palate and has conserved function in zebrafish. OMIM: 52: 454-457, 2009. The life expectancy for individuals with Angelman syndrome appears to be nearly normal. A., Swindlehurst, C. A., Aitken, D. A., McCrea, W., Boyd, E. 11 It is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the lungs and below-normal levels of oxygen in the blood (the medical term for this is hypoxemia). Other features may include osteopenia and Rett-like problems. california fishing regulations 2022 4.5 Mb microdeletion in chromosome band 2q33.1 associated with learning disability and cleft palate. Genotype and phenotype in 12 additional individuals with SATB2-associated syndrome. [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1086/302498], Docker, D., Schubach, M., Menzel, M., Munz, M., Spaich, C., Biskup, S., Bartholdi, D. A., Shaffer, L. G. Three had cleft palate, 4 had high-arched palate, and most had dental crowding. Am. Genet. [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.33164], Rosenfeld, J. Patients with kyphoscoliotic EDS whose hallmark is a sideways curvature of the spine in combination with a hunched back also may have a reduced life expectancy. Additional features included tall forehead, bushy eyebrows, prominent nose, cleft palate, narrow maxilla with malocclusion, oligodontia, and abnormally shaped teeth. Full Story. Neurologic features included impairment of fine and gross motor skills, mild hemiparesis, and spasticity with hyperreflexia. Heart failure: Could a low sodium diet sometimes do more harm than good? The del(2)(q32.2q33) deletion syndrome defined by clinical and molecular characterization of four patients. J. Med. [PubMed: 17377962] It is characterized by intellectual disability, severe speech problems, dental abnormalities, abnormalities of the head and face (craniofacial anomalies), and behavioral problems. Disorders with similar clinical phenotypes reveal underlying genetic interaction: SATB2 acts as an activator of the UPF3B gene. Mutat. Glass Syndrome, also known as chromosome 2q32-q33 deletion syndrome, is related to tooth agenesis and rett syndrome, and has symptoms including thin, sparse hair An important gene associated with Glass Syndrome is SATB2 (SATB Homeobox 2), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Cohesin complex - Cornelia de Lange syndrome and Rett syndrome causing genes. After age 8, monitoring for signs of Wilms tumor may be done by periodic ultrasound and by watching for symptoms such as swelling of the abdomen or blood in the urine. SATB2-associated syndrome presenting with Rett-like phenotypes. offers rare disease gene variant annotations and links to rare disease gene literature. Facial features included large beaked nose, ptosis, and cleft palate. Can diet help improve depression symptoms? CdLS may cause a range of symptoms, including intellectual disability and characteristic head and facial features. Urquhart et al. Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neuro-genetic disorder that occurs in one in 15,000 live births or 500,000 people worldwide. J. Med. Four had digital anomalies, such as overlapping toes, 2 had joint laxity, and 5 had behavioral anomalies, ranging from inappropriate hugging to hyperactivity and aggression. Best food forward: Are algae the future of sustainable nutrition? AJ Trenton Painting Service vidal sassoon london academy. some patients carry a deletion of minimum of 8.1 mb on 2q32-q33. Heterozygous nonsense mutation SATB2 associated with cleft palate, osteoporosis, and cognitive defects. J. Hum. [Analysis of SATB2 gene mutation in a child with Glass syndrome]. . The findings suggested that the translocation breakpoints identified in patients with craniofacial defects disrupt the long-range cis regulation of SATB2 by SOX9, resulting in functional haploinsufficiency of SATB2. "The SATB2-associated syndrome (SAS) is a recently described condition, characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability with absent or limited language skills, palatal and dental abnormalities, behavioral problems, and unusual facial features. Molec. Fun with SATB2 Associated Syndrome : SATB2 FAQ - Blogger glass syndrome life expectancy - meuzapmeunegocio.com Am. ORPHA: 251019, 251028, 576283; Infants with SCID appear healthy at birth but are highly susceptible to severe infections. (2005) reported 4 unrelated patients with interstitial deletions of chromosome 2q32-q33. The term "life expectancy" refers to the number of years a person can expect to live. Whole-mount in situ hybridization to mouse embryos showed site- and stage-specific expression of SATB2 in the developing palate. Enroll in databases to allow researchers from participating institutions to find you. Treatment for CdLS often helps manage symptoms and support the person. (2007) identified a de novo heterozygous nonsense mutation in the SATB2 gene (R239X; 608148.0001). GARD does not currently have information about the cause of this condition. The symptoms and their severity can vary from person to person. Lissencephaly - Wikipedia Disorders with similar clinical phenotypes reveal underlying genetic interaction: SATB2 acts as an activator of the UPF3B gene. BREAKING NEWS 2023 Chicago Election Results. Data and Statistics on Down Syndrome | CDC Brain MRI showed pathologic myelination with increased signal intensity in the right parietooccipital region. Dentofacial anomalies included delayed primary dentition and micrognathia in 1 patient; cleft palate, crowded teeth, and small mandible in the second; and fused mandibular central incisors without cleft palate in the third. Dysmorphic facial features included hypotonic face with hypersalivation, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, long eyelashes, upturned nose with broad tip, microretrognathia, long philtrum, low-set and posteriorly rotated ears, and crowded teeth. Read on to learn more about this genetic condition, including its causes, symptoms, and outlook. The SATB2 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is involved in the development of the brain and structures in the head and face. (2017) reported 20 previously unreported individuals with 19 different SATB2 mutations (11 loss-of-function and 8 missense variants). However, because CdLS may follow a mostly X-linked dominant inheritance pattern, females often show similar findings to males. and by advanced students in science and medicine. Fraser syndrome in a 96-year-old female - OUP Academic Some children will survive but show no significant development, and children may remain at a level that is . Am. The oldest reported survivor was 18 years old, suggesting that some patients may live longer. J. Med. Europ. The clinical significance of small copy number variants in neurodevelopmental disorders. J. Med. science writers and biocurators. Hum. A., Ballif, B. C., Lucas, A., Spence, E. J., Powell, C., Aylsworth, A. S., Torchia, B. Individuals with CdLS may experience a variety of symptoms that can vary in severity. [PubMed: 12915443] 4.5 Mb microdeletion in chromosome band 2q33.1 associated with learning disability and cleft palate. It's hard to say what the outlook of the disease is given that almost all diagnosed patients are still very young. Increased bone turnover, osteoporosis, progressive tibial bowing, fractures, and scoliosis in a patient with a final-exon SATB2 frameshift mutation. A person has two different versions, or alleles, of each gene. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. 23: 704-707, 2015. They may offer online and in-person resources to help people live well with their disease. Satb2-associated syndrome: The SATB2 gene is located in chromosome 2q32 (the region designated as q32 on the long (""q"") arm of chromosome 2), and many of the features are similar to the ""2q33.1 microdeletion syndrome"". They can then use genetic testing to confirm their diagnosis. [PubMed: 9758599] He had a happy demeanor without behavioral problems. Additionally, people with CdLS may experience a range of behavioral difficulties, which may include: CdLS often presents alongside other mental health conditions, such as: Infants with CdLS often display several common face and head features, including: Many other possible physical symptoms may affect infants with CdLS, including: Doctors will often make an initial diagnosis of CdLS based on clinical symptoms. This can be illustrated in the USA by a ride on the Washington DC metro. The main symptoms can be remembered using the acronym S.A.T.B.2 (S, Severe speech anomalies; A, Abnormalities of the palate; T, Teeth anomalies; B, Behavioral issues with or without Bone or Brain anomalies, and age of onset before 2 years of age). A., Parker, M. J. (1999) and FitzPatrick et al. self-stimulatory behavior, such as repetitive or unusual body movements or noises, thick, arched eyebrows that meet in the middle, a long philtrum the groove between the nose and upper lip. COVID-19 and Life Expectancy: What's in a Number? : 85 The range of symptomson the skeleton as well as on the body's other organsmay be mild to severe. glass syndrome life expectancy - eytelparfum.com The deletion resulted in hemizygosity for the HOXD gene (see, e.g., HOXD1; 142987) cluster and its regulatory elements, which may affect limb development. A child born with OI may have soft bones that break (fracture) easily, bones that are not formed normally, and other problems. The cleft or high-arched palate most likely resulted from hemizygosity for the SATB2 gene (608148). J. Hum. Alcoholic Dementia | Causes, Symptoms, Stages, and Treatment Other features may include osteopenia and Rett-like problems . 12: 2491-2501, 2003. (2014) concluded that the SATB2 gene is essential for normal craniofacial patterning and cognitive development. How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Autosomal-Dominant-Disorder, https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/genetics-dictionary/def/autosomal-dominant-inheritance, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557383/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554584/, https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/cornelia-de-lange-syndrome/, https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/10109/cornelia-de-lange-syndrome, https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/cornelia-de-lange-syndrome, https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/cornelia-de-lange-syndrome, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1104/, https://www.genome.gov/For-Patients-and-Families/Genetic-Disorders, https://www.cdc.gov/genomics/gtesting/genetic_testing.htm, https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/heterozygous, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6297696/. (2014) reevaluated 1 of the patients reported by Brewer et al. A syndrome that has material basis in genetic changes that affect the SATB2 gene and that is characterized by mild to severe intellectual disability, a delayed or absent ability to speak, severe speech anomalies, abnormalities of the palate, teeth anomalies, behavioral issues with or without bone or brain anomalies, and onset before age 2. Genet. Heterozygous nonsense mutation SATB2 associated with cleft palate, osteoporosis, and cognitive defects. SATB2 -associated syndrome (SAS) is an autosomal dominant disorder. glass syndrome life expectancy Is Glass Blowing Dangerous? (Glass Blowing Accidents) A few orthopedic techniques may be effective for helping with limb problems. The condition also has several possible physical symptoms, including: People often do not report mild cases of CdLS, which means that people may underestimate its prevalence. Further supporting evidence for the SATB2-associated syndrome found through whole exome sequencing. She was mildly dysmorphic, with broad forehead, flat philtrum, small mouth, thin upper lip, missing lateral incisors, and relative macrocephaly, but ears were normal. About half of affected individuals have abnormalities in the structure of the brain.The most common craniofacial anomalies in people with SATB2-associated syndrome are a high arch or an opening in the roof of the mouth (high-arched or cleft palate), a small lower jaw (micrognathia), and dental abnormalities, which can include abnormally sized or shaped teeth, extra (supernumerary) teeth, or missing teeth (oligodontia). Hayley Okines, a teenager from Bexhill, England, with a body of a 105-year-old, who suffers a rare genetic disease called progeria characterized by premature aging symptoms and was told by doctors that she would not live longer than 13 years, celebrated her 14 th birthday last December. component of our efforts to ensure long-term funding to provide you the J. Med. All patients with Glass syndrome have been shown to carry de novo heterozygous mutations in the SATB2 gene or de novo heterozygous deletions of chromosome 2q32-q33 (Leoyklang et al., 2013). If a person must receive only one altered gene from a parent for a condition to occur, a medical professional will describe the condition as autosomal dominant. [PubMed: 2918541] This can mean that they do not gain weight or grow at the expected rate. We report the clinical, laboratory and post-mortem . )del, NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1610del (p.Asn537fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1103_1106del (p.Val368fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.553_554insT (p.Glu185fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.225T>A (p.Tyr75Ter), GRCh37/hg19 2q33.1(chr2:200213361-200233633), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1826del (p.Asp609fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1504del (p.Gln502fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.318T>G (p.Tyr106Ter), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.721_722del (p.Asn241fs), GRCh37/hg19 2q32.2-33.1(chr2:190345272-200212289), GRCh37/hg19 2q32.3-33.1(chr2:197359024-201383462)x1, NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1135C>T (p.Gln379Ter), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1153del (p.Val385fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.150del (p.Val51fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.1705dup (p.Gln569fs), NM_001172509.2(SATB2):c.554del (p.Glu185fs), NC_000002.11:g.(?_200136914)_(200320780_? It is also important to help adults with WS maintain an active lifestyle, engaged with their peers . Dysmorphic features could be delineated into 2 groups: one with upturned nose and myopathic facies, and another with a prominent nose and downslanting palpebral fissures. Additional features may include seizures, joint laxity, arachnodactyly, and happy demeanor (summary by Glass et al., 1989; Urquhart et al., 2009; Rainger et al., 2014). accessible. Rainger et al. A number sign (#) is used with this entry because Glass syndrome (GLASS) is caused by heterozygous interstitial deletion on chromosome 2q32-q33.